Chapter III
The First Islamic Republic
R E F E R E N C E S 1. The Pakistan movement was an expression of Muslim India's firm desire to establish an Islamic State. The movement was inspired by the ideology of Islam and the country was carved into existence solely to demonstrate the efficacy of the Islamic way of life. [Abul A'la Maududi, The Islamic law and Constitution, p-11] The leaders of the movement made this very promise with the people whose support and unbounded enthusiasm for the demand was motivated by this very Islamic nature of the enterprise. [Ibid. p-16]
2. Anita M. Weiss, Islamic Reassertion in Pakistan, p-35
3. Maududi, op. cit., p-6
4. Daily Nawa-i-Waqt, Lahore, 14.8.76
5. Maududi, Muslims and Present Struggle, part three, p-37
6. Ibid. p-70
7. Ibid. p-131,132
8. Maududi, op. cit., p-27
9. Dawn 14.1.1948 cited by Afzal Iqbal, Islamization of Pakistan, p-38
10. Afzal Iqbal, op. cit., p-39
11. Leonard Binder, Religion and Politics in Pakistan, p-141
12. Constituent Assembly Debates March 7, 1949
13. CA debates March 12, 1949
14. CA debates March 9, 1949
15. CA debates March 8, 1949
16. CA Debates cited by Supreme Court Judgment on Objectives Resolution dated July 19, 1993.
17. CA debates March 12, 1949
18. CA debates March 9, 1949
19. CA debates March 12,1949
20. CA debates March 12, 1949
21. CA debates March 12, 1949
22. CA debates March 9, 1949
23. Report on the enquiry into 1953 anti-Ahmadi riots in Lahore is known as Munir Report after Justice Mohammad Munir who chaired the enquiry committee.
24. Munir Report p-203
25. Ibid. p-203
26. Munir, From Jinnah to Zia, p-36
27. Liaquat Ali Khan, Pakistan: The Heart of Asia, Cambridge, Mass. 1951 cited by Sharif-ul-Mujahid p-266
28. CA debates March 10, 1949
29. Munir, op. cit., p-36, 37
30. Ibid. p-xvi
31. At the East Pakistan Muslim League Council meeting, some members described the reports as "terribly anti-Bengali."
32. Maududi, op. cit., p-337
33. CA Debates, October 13, 1953
34. Keith Callard, Pakistan - A Political Study, p-227,228
35. There have indeed been times -- such as that October night in 1954 -- when, with a General to the right of him and a General to the left of him, a half-mad Governor General imposed upon a captured Prime Minister the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly and the virtual setting up of a semi-dictatorial executive. DAWN - August 11, 1957
36. An explanation at the end of Article 198 read: "In the application of the article to the personal law of any Muslim sect, the expression Quran and Sunnah shall mean the Quran and Sunnah as interpreted by the sect." In effect of this explanation officially recognized sects in Pakistan.
37. Callard, op. cit., p-228
38. Maududi, op. cit., p-385
39. Mohammad Ayub Khan, Friends Not Masters, p-58
40. Almand and Coleman, The Politics of Developing Areas, Princetone, 1960, p-572
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