R E F E R E N C E S
1. Abduh's Lectures on Theology, p-42, quoted by Al Hourani, Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age
2 Tafsir al-Manar vol. II Cairo, 1373 p. 30
3. Tafsir al-Manar vol. IV Cairo, 1375 p.240
4. Tafsir al-Manar vol. V Cairo, 1374 p.189
5. Turkish Nationalism and Western Civilization, Ziya Gokalp, New York 1959, p-305
6. Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, Iqbal, Sheikh Mohammad Ashraf, Lahore, 1960 p-146
7 Ibid. p-146
8. Ibid. p-179
9 The Spirit of Islam, Syed Amir Ali, p-182
10. Ibid. p-184
11. Ibid. p-435
12. Ibid. p-182, 183
13. Abdul Raziq, al-Islam wal-usul al-Hukum (Islam and the Principles of Government), translated by Nadav Safran, Egypt in search of political community, p-103
14. Cited by Albert Hourani, Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age pp-188 - Oxford Press, London, 1962
15. Islam Wal Usul Al Hum, pp 74, 76
16. Fitna Al Kubra, Cairo p-24, 25
17. Cited in Egypt in Search of a Political Community, Nadav Safran, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1961, p-155
18. Mirat-ul-Islam, Cairo, 1959 p-278
19. Mirat-ul-Islam, Cairo, 1959 p-283
20. Tarjuman-ul-Quran, Karachi, Vol. I, p-231
21. Abul Kalam Azad, Al-Hilal, Calcutta, Dec. 1927
22. Tarjuman-ul-Quran, Karachi, Vol. I, p-217
23 Al Hilal, Calcutta 28th August 1912
24. A Modern Approach to Islam, Asia Publishing, Bombay, 1963, p-110
25. Ibid. p-82-83
26. Ibid. p-107
27. Ibid. p-54-55
28. Ibid. p-87
29. Ibid. p-98-99
30. Ibid. p-100
31. Ibid. p-37
32. Islamic Ideology, Dr. Khalifa Abdul Hakeem, Lahore, p-212
33. Ibid. p-212
34. Ibid. p-242
35. Ibid. p-221
36. Ibid. 238
37. Ibid. p-310
38. Ibid. p-310, 311
39. Ibid. p-xxi
40. Ibid. p-312
41. Cited by Freeland Abbott, Islam and Pakistan, pp-175-76
42. Come Let Us change This World (Selections from Maududi's Writings), p -21-22
43. Ibid. p-22-23
44. Ibid. p -21-22
45. Contemporary Islam and the Challenge of History, Yveonne Yazbeck Haddad, New York, 1982 p-95
46. Social Justice in Islam by Sayyed Qutub, cited by Tahir Amin, Nationalism & Internationalism, Islamabad, 1991, p-77
47. Ibid. p-78
48. Islam a Challenge to Religion, Ghulam Ahmad Parwez, Lahore, p-355
49. Ibid. p-355
50. Ibid. p-356
51. Ibid. p-357
52. Ibid. p-357
53. Ulma Kon Hein (Lahore) p-16
54. Islam a Challenge to Religion, op. cit. p-126, 127
55. Islam & Revolution: Writings and Declarations of Imam Khomeini, Trans. Hamid Algar, Berkely: Mizan Press, 1981 p-275
56. Ibid. p-34
57. Ibid. p-50
58. Ibid. p-49
59. Ibid. p-34
60. Messages and Speeches of Imam Khomeini, Vol. 2 (Teheran, 1980) p-285 quoted and translated by Bin Sayeed from persian.
61. What is to be done? by Shariati, Houston: Institute for Research and Islamic Studies, 1986 p-63
62. Where shall we begin? by Shariati Teheran, 1981, p-249-294
63. Man and Islam by Shariati
64. Where shall we begin? by Shariati Teheran, 1981, p-249-294
65. What is to be done? op. cit. p-63
66. Where shall we begin? op. cit. p-249-294
67. "Colonalism is reponsible for the dearth of the desireable means for development his talents and material resources, but the unwillingness of the Muslim to utilise the available means, and to exert required over-effort to raise his standard of life denotes colonibility. An analysis of the causes of inhibition that hamper the evolution of the Muslim world, would reveal that they are overwhelmingly the result of the internal factors, that is, of colonisibility." [Islam in History and Society by Malek Bennabi - p-49]
68. Islam & Modernity by Fazalur Rahman, p- 39‑40
69. Ibid. p-20.
70. Ibid. p-20
71. Islamic Methodology In History by Fazalur Rahman, Islamabad, 1984, p-143-144
72. Ibid. p-151
73. Ibid. p-152
74. Modern Reformist Thought in the Muslim World, by Mazharuddin Siddiqi, Islamabad, 1982, p-75. Islamic Methodolgy, op. cit. p-vii
76. Islam and the Plight of Modern Man by Sayyed Hossein Nasr, p-92
77. Haddad, op. cit. p-8
78. Ibid. p-8
79. Nasr, op. cit. p-97
80. Ibid. p-97
81. Haddad, op cit. p-22
82. Ibid. p-208
83. Islamic Philosophy and Social Thought by M.T. Stephaniants, Lahore, 1989, p-9